NOUNS

Nouns are words that name people, places, and things.  Words like John, Mary, boy, city, Los Angeles, air,lion, love, and Pluto are nouns. The highlated words in the next paragraph are nouns

Late last year our neighbours bought a goat.

Portia White was an opera singer.

The bus inspector looked at all the passengers' passes.

PROPER AND COMMON NOUNS
There are two kinds of nouns: proper and common. 
Proper nouns are those who name a specific person, place or thing.  Nouns like John, Los Angeles, Burger King, Whittier Boulevard, United States of America, Europe, and The San Diego Chargers, are proper nouns.

In each of the following sentences, the proper nouns are highlighted:

Christopher Columbus travel from Spain to America.

Many people dread Monday mornings.

Chirstmas is celebrated on the twenty-fifth of December.

Issac Newton was born in England.

 

Common nouns are nouns that name any person, place, or thing.  Nouns like boy, girl, city, restaurant, street, country, continent, and team are common nouns.

According to the sign, the nearest town is 60 miles away.

All the gardens in the neighborhood were invaded by beetles this summer.

I don't understand why some people insist on having six different kinds of mustard in their cupboards.

The road crew was startled by the sight of three large moose crossing the road.

Many child-care workers are underpaid.

SINGULAR AND PLURAL
Nouns can be singular and plural.

Singular nouns name only one while plural nouns name more than one. Nouns like cat, dog, table, bush, deer, bench, house, and sky are in singular.  Nouns like cats, dogs, tables, bushes, deer, benches, houses, and skies are in plural. 
Most of the plural nouns are formed by adding s or es to the singular nouns.  Examples are finger and fingers, floor and floors, pencil and pencils, paper and papers, road and roads, coach and coaches, box and boxes, gas and gasses, buss and busses, baby and babies, gallery and galleries, and kiss and kisses. 

Some plurals are not formed adding s or es to the singular noun.  These plural nouns are called irregular.  Examples of irregular plural nouns are man and men, woman and women, child and children, deer and deer, quail and quail, person and people, goose and geese, and mouse and mice.

POSSESSIVE NOUNS
Possessive nouns are those nouns that indicate possession or ownership. Possessive nouns are formed by adding apostrophe and s (‘s) to singular nouns and the plural nouns that do not end in s, or only the apostrophe after the s to the plural nouns (s’). For example:
I have to feed my brother’s cat.  (brother)       
Emilio borrowed Wendy’s ruler. (Wendy)
I like my aunt’s hat . (aunt)                                                        
The coach started the boys’ training camp. (boy)
Those children’s manners are awful. (manners)                   
Our school renewed its classrooms’ boards. (classrooms)

The concert was interrupted by the dogs' barking, the ducks' quacking, and the babies' squalling.

The janitors' room is downstairs and to the left.

My uncle spent many hours trying to locate the squirrels' nest.

The archivist quickly finished repairing the diaries' bindings.

Religion is usually the subject of the roommates' many late night debates.